Assessment

Minimally invasive fetal surgery comprises a wide array of fetal procedures that are performed without need for a hysterotomy [1]. This group of interventions ranges from entirely percutaneous procedures to fetoscopic surgery wherein multiple trocars are placed through the uterus. Although hysterotomy is avoided, depending both on the indication for surgery and the location of the fetus and uterus, maternal laparotomy with exteriorization of the uterus may be required [1][2]. All minimally invasive fetal surgeries are performed with ultrasound guidance to minimize incisions and manipulation of the uterus.

see also Fetal Radiofrequency Ablation